Optical Investigations on Plasma Temperature Estimation in a Model Spark Gap for Surge Currents

The Study of Breakdown Voltages for Triggered Spark Gap Switches

This study explains the breakdown mechanism in different triggered spark gap switches. Two different trigger electrode configurations are tested for the switch predischarge operation in a nitrogen laser circuit. The behavior of the breakdown voltage, when a trigger pulse is applied to the trigger electrode, is investigated, and the results are reported. Based on the experimental measurements ne...

Spark Plasma Sintering of Negative Temperature Coefficient Thermistor Ceramics

Development of a Practical Model for Optimizing Surge Tanks and Air Chambers in Water Transmission Systems

Surge tanks and air chambers are the most useful solution to deal with water hammer in water transmission systems (WTS). The optimal design of these protective devices can be effective in reducing the costs of constructing and operating a water transmission system. In this article, some software with the capability of simulating and optimizing these protective equipment is presented. To simulat...

Investigations on discriminative training in large scale acoustic model estimation

In this paper two common discriminative training criteria, maximum mutual information (MMI) and minimum phone error (MPE), are investigated. Two main issues are addressed: sensitivity to different lattice segmentations and the contribution of the parameter estimation method. It is noted that MMI andMPE may benefit from different lattice segmentation strategies. The use of discriminative criteri...

Spark Plasma Sintering of Ultra-High Temperature Tantalum/Hafnium Carbides Composite

TaC and HfC are thought to have the highest melting point (~4000°C) among all refractory materials. The binary solid solution of TaC and HfC (Ta4HfC5) is also considered as the most refractory material with the melting point over 4000 °C and valuable physical and mechanical properties. The main goal of this work is to fabricate TaC/HfCbased composites which consolidated by means of spark plasma...